11g, hp-ux, installer, Oracle, Oracle 10g, oracle 9i, unix

Download and Installation of OCFS2 RPMs for Linux

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Oracle Cluster File System 2 (OCFS2) is a file system which allows for multiple hosts to access the same files on a shared storage at the same time. This type of access is required for deployment of an Oracle RAC system. In this article we will cover the procedure to download and install the RPMs for OCFS2 to support shared storage on an Oracle RAC system.

1. Determine the current Kernel installed on all RAC nodes. NOTE: The kernels must be the same on every RAC node.

NODE 1:
[root@mylinux1 etc]# uname -r
2.6.18-194.32.1.el5
[root@mylinux1 etc]#

NODE2:
[root@mylinux2 ~]# uname -r
2.6.18-194.32.1.el5
[root@mylinux2 ~]#

2. Go to the URL: http://oss.oracle.com/projects/ocfs2/ , select the download tab and navigate to the correct rpm download for your kernel.

2.6.18-194.32.1.el5
2011.01.20
Packages for RHEL5 2.6.18-194.32.1.el5

3. Go to the URL: http://oss.oracle.com/projects/ocfs2-tools/, select the download tab and navigate to the correct rpm downloads for your OS. Example for this OS we download the following files:

ocfs2-tools-1.4.4-1.el5.x86_64.rpm
2010.04.19 7a2f59a05f2cf1bea24dc04f34b09371
OCFS2 tools
ocfs2-tools-debuginfo-1.4.4-1.el5.x86_64.rpm
2010.04.19 91d6e65e902dedcd28e8e4f2d9fb4271
OCFS2 tools debuginfo
ocfs2-tools-devel-1.4.4-1.el5.x86_64.rpm
2010.04.19 2e47beaab89ebba8b1d276fb894184d5
OCFS2 tools libraries/header
ocfs2console-1.4.4-1.el5.x86_64.rpm
2010.04.19 78ccf0cf8564a6d5b48d534c7f3a07bc

4. Once the download completes transfer all the files to all nodes in the cluster. It is best at this point to create a temporary directory under /tmp, to store your files with the following command.

[root@mylinux1 tmp]# mkdir oracle_tmp
[root@mylinux1 tmp]# chmod 777 oracle_tmp
[root@mylinux1 tmp]#

5. Once the files are in location, logon as root and install using the rpm command on all nodes of the RAC.

rpm -Uvh ocfs2-tools-1.4.4-1.el5.x86_64.rpm
rpm -Uvh ocfs2-2.6.18-194.32.1.el5-1.4.7-1.el5.x86_64.rpm
rpm –Uvh ocfs2console-1.4.4-1.el5.x86_64.rpm

[root@mylinux1 oracle_tmp]# rpm -Uvh ocfs2-tools-1.4.4-1.el5.x86_64.rpm
warning: ocfs2-tools-1.4.4-1.el5.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 1e5e0159
Preparing… ########################################### [100%]
1:ocfs2-tools ########################################### [100%]
[root@mylinux1 oracle_tmp]# rpm -Uvh ocfs2-2.6.18-194.32.1.el5-1.4.7-1.el5.x86_64.rpm
warning: ocfs2-2.6.18-194.32.1.el5-1.4.7-1.el5.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 1e5e0159
Preparing… ########################################### [100%]
1:ocfs2-2.6.18-194.32.1.el########################################### [100%]
[root@mylinux1 oracle_tmp]# rpm -Uvh ocfs2console-1.4.4-1.el5.x86_64.rpm
warning: ocfs2console-1.4.4-1.el5.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 1e5e0159
Preparing… ########################################### [100%]
1:ocfs2console ########################################### [100%]
[root@mylinux1 oracle_tmp]#

This completes the download and installation of OCFS2 on Linux to support an Oracle RAC system.

Larry J. Catt, OCP 9i, 10g
oracle@allcompute.com
www.allcompute.com

hp-ux, installer, linux, network, Oracle, unix

Change hostname of your Linux server

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Oracle RAC depends heavily on the network, hostnames, and DNS service within a network. In this article we will show how to change the hostname of a LINUX server for the use of Oracle RAC to include the domain name.
1. Logon to your LINUX server as the root user.
2. Open the file /etc/sysconfig/network.
3. Update the parameter HOSTNAME to include the domain name.
[root@mylinux1 ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network
NETWORKING=yes
NETWORKING_IPV6=no
HOSTNAME=mylinux1.mydomain.com

[root@mylinux1 ~]#

4. Reboot the server.
5. Issue the command hostname and you will see it is updated.
[root@mylinux1 ~]# hostname
mylinux1.mydomain.com
[root@mylinux1 ~]#

This completes changing the hostname of a LINUX server for Oracle RAC.

Larry J. Catt, OCP9i, 10g
oracle@allcompute.com
www.allcompute.com

11g, hp-ux, installer, linux, Oracle, Oracle 10g, oracle 9i, script, unix

Oracle Installation – Add swap space in UNIX or Linux environment

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The typical Oracle installation will require more swap space on a system, due to prerequisite checks performed by the installer, than is typical available. The following procedure shows how to create additional swap in Unix or Linux.

1. Create a file on /u01 of 12gb with the dd command. NOTE: Repeat on each RAC node.

dd if=/dev/zero of=/u01/tempswap bs=1k count=12000000

Example:

[root@mylinux1 ~]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/u01/tempswap bs=1k count=12000000
12000000+0 records in
12000000+0 records out
12384000000 bytes (12 GB) copied, 64.2111 seconds, 255 MB/s
[root@mylinux1 ~]#

2. Then format your new file with the mke2fs command. NOTE: Repeat on each RAC node.

/sbin/mke2fs /u01/tempswap

Example:

[root@mylinux1 ~]# /sbin/mke2fs /u01/tempswap
mke2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)
/u01/tempswap is not a block special device.
Proceed anyway? (y,n) y
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
2003424 inodes, 4000000 blocks
200000 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=4097835008
123 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
12288 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 123840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1205632, 2654208

Writing inode tables: done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 29 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
[root@mylinux1 ~]#

3. Make the additional swap space with the mkswap command. NOTE: Repeat on each RAC node.

/sbin/mkswap /u01/tempswap

Example:

[root@mylinux1 ~]# /sbin/mkswap /u01/tempswap
Setting up swapspace version 1, size = 12383995 kB
[root@mylinux1 ~]#

4. Make the swap space available to the OS with the command swapon. NOTE: This will have to be executed after every reboot. Repeat on each RAC node.

/sbin/swapon /u01/tempswap

Example:

[root@mylinux1 ~]# /sbin/swapon /u01/tempswap
[root@mylinux1 ~]#

Larry J. Catt, OCP 9i, 10g
oracle@allcompute.com
www.allcompute.com

installer, linux, unix

Oracle Installation files extraction with PAX

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For a Unix or Linux installation, Oracle places its installation files in cpio (archiving format) to contain multiple directory structures in a single file. This article describes the use of the pax utility to extract Oracle installation files.

1. Download your oracle installation files from www.oracle.com

2. Logon to your Oracle database server and place the installation files in the appropriate location.

3. Extract the cpio.gz installation files with the pax utility and options -rvzf

pax -rvzf (name_of_cpio_file.cpio.gz)

4. If the cpio archive file is not compressed, use the pax utility and options –rvf.

pax -rvf (name_of_cpio_file.cpio)

5. This completes unpacking of Oracle installation files with the utility pax.

Larry J. Catt, OCP 9i, 10g
oracle@allcompute.com
www.allcompute.com

installer, Oracle 10g, oracle 9i, unix

Oracle Installation files extraction with cpio

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For a Unix or Linux installation, Oracle places its installation files in cpio (archiving format) to contain multiple directory structures in a single file. This article describes the use of the cpio utility to extract Oracle installation files.

1. Download your oracle installation files from www.oracle.com

2. Logon to your Oracle database server and place the installation files in the appropriate location.

3. Extract the cpio.gz installation software with the following command.

gunzip (name_of_cpio_file .cpio.gz)

4. Unpack the archive file using the cpio utility with options –idmv

cpio -idmv < (name_of_cpio_file.cpio)
NOTE: replace the string (name_of_cpio_file .cpio) with your actual cpio file name, but do not remove the first < - greater than sign, that is the input of your file name into the utility. 5. This completes unpacking of Oracle installation files with the utility cpio. Larry J. Catt, OCP 9i, 10g oracle@allcompute.com www.allcompute.com

hp-ux, linux, RAC, unix

Unable to mount OCFS2 drives

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Oracle provides the file system OCFS2 to support Oracle RAC file storage. This file system provides for a locking mechanism which allows files to be accessed by multiple Oracle instances while avoiding corruption. The OSFS2 file system binaries must be started before any OCFS2 formatted mount points can be accessed. This article shows the error generated when the OCFS2 stack has not been started and how to resolve the problem.

General OS error:

[root@mylinux init.d]# mount /dev/mapper/MPATH10 /u02
mount.ocfs2: Unable to access cluster service while trying initialize cluster

Resolution:

1. Logon to your server as root.
2. Change directory to /etc/init.d

[root@mylinux /]# cd /etc/init.d
[root@mylinux init.d]# pwd
/etc/init.d
[root@mylinux init.d]#

3. Execute the OS layer command ./ocfs2 load.

[root@mylinux init.d]# ./o2cb load
Loading filesystem “configfs”: OK
Mounting configfs filesystem at /sys/kernel/config: OK
Loading filesystem “ocfs2_dlmfs”: OK
Mounting ocfs2_dlmfs filesystem at /dlm: OK
[root@mylinux init.d]#

4. Execute the OS layer command ./ocfs2 online

[root@mylinux init.d]# ./o2cb online
Starting O2CB cluster ocfs2: OK
[root@mylinux init.d]#

5. Attempt to mount your ocfs2 storage device.

[root@mylinux init.d]# mount /dev/mapper/MPATH10 /u02
[root@mylinux init.d]#

6. This completes restarting OCFS2 binaries.

Larry J. Catt, OCP 9i, 10g
oracle@allcompute.com
www.allcompute.com

linux, Oracle

Disabling SELinux before Oracle installation

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SELinux (Security-Enhanced Linux) provides for additional OS layer security with a default installation. However, this added security can cause issues for installation of multiple software packages of which Oracle is one. This article shows how to disable SELinux before Oracle installation.

1. Logon to your server as root.
2. Open the file /etc/selinux/config with vi.

[root@mylinux /]# vi /etc/selinux/config
# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
# enforcing – SELinux security policy is enforced.
# permissive – SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
# disabled – SELinux is fully disabled.
SELINUX=permissive
# SELINUXTYPE= type of policy in use. Possible values are:
# targeted – Only targeted network daemons are protected.
# strict – Full SELinux protection.
SELINUXTYPE=targeted
~

3. Disable SELinux by changing the option SELINUX to disabled.

SELINUX=disabled

4. Reboot your Linux server for the changes to take affect.

5. This completes disabling of SELinux before Oracle installation.

Larry J. Catt, OCP 9i, 10g
oracle@allcompute.com
www.allcompute.com

linux, Oracle

Determining SELinux mode before Oracle installation

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SELinux (Security-Enhanced Linux) provides for additional OS layer security with a default installation. However, this added security can cause issues for installation of multiple software packages of which Oracle is one. This article shows how to determine the mode of SELinux before installing Oracle.

1. Logon to your server as root.
2. Execute the command getenforce or sesstatus to determine the current OS mode of SELinux.

[root@mylinux /]# /usr/sbin/getenforce
Permissive
[root@mylinux /]# /usr/sbin/sestatus
SELinux status: enabled
SELinuxfs mount: /selinux
Current mode: permissive
Mode from config file: permissive
Policy version: 21
Policy from config file: targeted
[root@mylinux /]#

3. This completes determination of SELinux mode before Oracle installation.

Larry J. Catt, OCP 9i, 10g
oracle@allcompute.com
www.allcompute.com

11g, installer, linux, OPatch, unix

Oracle error OUI-10058

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The OUI (Oracle Universal Installer) relies on an Oracle inventory to recognize the Oracle software which already exists on the system. Multiple files are read during the OUI startup, the first of which is /etc/oraInst.loc. The oraInst.loc file points to the location of the Oracle inventor directory, which could be anywhere. In order to get an inventory of the current system, OUI must have access to this file. The error OUI-10058 is an indication that OUI does not have access to this file. This article covers the typical error and resolution to this problem

Typical error:

OUI-10058 The OUI Inventory on this system does not exist or is not writable.
1. The /opt/oracle/oraInventory/orainstall…..
or
2. You are not a member of the specified installer group.


Solution: If you executed all previous root.sh script as instructed, the most like cause is permission.

1. Logon to the system as root.
2. Change directory to /etc
3. Check the file permissions with the command ll

[root@mylinux /]# ll *ora*

4. If the file permission is not set to 644, change the permissions with the command chmod

[root@mylinux /]# chmod 644 /etc/oraInst.loc.

5. This completes the resolution of OUI-10058, due to file permissions of /etc/oraInst.loc.

Larry J. Catt, OCP 9i, 10g
oracle@allcompute.com
www.allcompute.com

11g, hp-ux, linux, Oracle 10g, oracle 9i, unix

Oracle Error ORA-25153

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Oracle Error ORA-25153 is a regular occurrence during the modification of location or recreation of an Oracle database. It indicates that the administrator neglected to add datafiles to a temporary tablespace. This article provides a solution the error ORA-25153, if it occurs.

Typical Error message:

Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/admin/orcl/bdump/orcl_j001_25535.trc:
ORA-25153: Temporary Tablespace is Empty
Sun Sep 19 01:31:00 2010
Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 9 (LGWR switch)
Current log# 3 seq# 9 mem# 0: /u05/oradata/orcl/group_3.dbf

Solution:

1. Logon to your Oracle database server as the Oracle software owner.

2. Logon to SQLPLUS with SYSDBA privileges.

mylinux:> sqlplus ‘/ as sysdba’

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.4.0 – Production on Sun Sep 19 08:08:39 2010

Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All Rights Reserved.

Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 – 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL>

3. Add a temp file to your default temporary tablespaces with the following syntax: alter tablespace add tempfile < 'directory and file name'> size ;

example:


SQL> alter tablespace temp add tempfile ‘/u05/oradata/orcl/temp01.dbf’ size 2048m;

Tablespace altered.

SQL>

4. This completes the resolving of Oracle error ORA-25153.

Larry J. Catt, OCP 9i, 10g
oracle@allcompute.com
www.allcompute.com

Oracle tips and tricks.